CPT
90471 — Immunization administration, single vaccine
ACA-covered vaccines should be free, including the admin fee.
Physical therapy
97112 — Therapeutic procedure; neuromuscular reeducation of movement, balance, coordination, kinesthetic sense, posture, and/or proprioception; each 15 minutes
This is a 15-minute physical or occupational therapy treatment focused on retraining how your nervous system controls movement — typically used after stroke, injury, or for balance disorders.
- Typical setting: PT clinic, hospital outpatient
- National avg charge (illustrative): $30–$80 per 15-minute unit
- Most-disputed reason: Billing units without the required minimum of 8 direct minutes of patient contact per unit under the Medicare 8-minute rule — each 15-minute timed unit requires at least 8 minutes of direct one-on-one contact.
What it means
What 97112 actually means
This is a 15-minute physical or occupational therapy treatment focused on retraining how your nervous system controls movement — typically used after stroke, injury, or for balance disorders. A therapist works directly with you on coordination, posture, and movement patterns.
Common errors with this code
What goes wrong on real bills.
Most bills that look correct still contain at least one of these issues. Up to 49% of medical bills contain errors (CFPB).
- Billing units without the required minimum of 8 direct minutes of patient contact per unit under the Medicare 8-minute rule — each 15-minute timed unit requires at least 8 minutes of direct one-on-one contact.
- Billing 97112 when the service was actually performed by a PTA or OTA without the required CQ/CO modifier, which results in overpayment (PTA/OTA services are reimbursed at 85% of the standard rate).
- Multiple units billed without documentation of total treatment time and specific activities performed for each unit.
If you see 97112 on your bill
Three steps before paying.
1. Get the itemized bill. If your statement only shows a summary, request the CPT-level itemized bill before paying. Generate the request language →
2. Cross-check against the EOB. Compare what your insurer's Explanation of Benefits says you owe versus what the hospital is asking. They disagree more often than people think. Read the bill-vs-EOB guide →
3. Run a free Bill Scan. Upload the bill (and EOB if you have it) and BillBusted will flag the most likely issues with this specific code in your specific state. Run free scan →
Related codes
Other codes in this category.
People who land on 97112 often also see these adjacent codes on the same bill.
CPT
90472 — Immunization admin; each additional vaccine
Vaccine — admin (90471) is separate from the vaccine product code.
CPT
90651 — Human papillomavirus vaccine types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, 58, nonavalent , IM
Vaccine — admin (90471) is separate from the vaccine product code.
CPT
90670 — Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, 13 valent , IM
Vaccine — admin (90471) is separate from the vaccine product code.
CPT
90671 — Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, 15 valent , IM
Vaccine — admin (90471) is separate from the vaccine product code.
CPT
90677 — Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine, 20 valent , IM
Vaccine — admin (90471) is separate from the vaccine product code.
Related BillBusted guides
Plain-English reads if you see 97112 on a bill.
97112 FAQ
Plain-English answers.
What does 97112 usually cost?
$30–$80 per 15-minute unit. Costs vary by region, payer contract, and whether the service was performed in a hospital outpatient department (which adds a facility fee) versus a free-standing clinic.
What's the most common billing error on 97112?
Billing units without the required minimum of 8 direct minutes of patient contact per unit under the Medicare 8-minute rule — each 15-minute timed unit requires at least 8 minutes of direct one-on-one contact.
What should I do if I see 97112 on my bill?
Request the itemized bill and the matching EOB from your insurer. Compare the units/quantity billed against what you actually received. Run a free BillBusted scan to flag the most likely errors specific to 97112 before paying.
Don't pay 97112 blindly.
The free scan tells you in under 60 seconds whether this charge looks reasonable for your situation.